Estudo e análise das possíveis causas de alagamentos na rua José Avelino em Fortaleza - CE.

Abstract

This study presents the justifications for the episodes of flooding in Rua José Avelino, located in the center of the city of Fortaleza, capital of the State of Ceará. Over the years the big cities have experienced an intense population growth, while on the other hand there has not been an adequate urban planning. The lack of importance caused environmental, social and economic problems. The asphalting of streets without a proper study of the implementation of stormwater drainage channels has contributed to the restriction of water absorption by the soil and the loading of waste into the channels. The impacts of climate change, combined with accelerated urbanization and the deterioration of already depleted urban infrastructure, for example, are one of the reasons for urban flooding. The José Avelino Street has a great daily urban movement, as a result of housing several wholesale stores, galleries and small commercial centers, besides hosting the famous "Feira da Madrugada", for this reason solid residues are consequently generated and many times the accumulation of these residues cause the obstruction of the drainage network. The problem of flooding occurs due to a sequence of factors, including the low topography that the street is inserted, being close to the oceanic region of the city, as well as a deficient drainage. Therefore, it is necessary to take measures to prevent or minimize flooding, acting in the focus of the problem and ensuring the welfare of the population. The work concludes by pointing out the reasons for the occurrence of flooding in Rua José Avelino, as a result of its lower elevation in certain points, as well as the spacing between the manholes being greater than recommended, along with the obstruction of solid waste generated daily and a poor planning of the days that the street sweeping occurs. Keywords: Flooding. Urban drainage. Basic sanitation. José Avelino Street