Análise de medidas não-estruturais de drenagem urbana em fortaleza: uma avaliação na rua do canal do bairro jardim das oliveiras.

Abstract

Urban infrastructure, especially focused on rainwater drainage, needs a document that describes management mechanisms for increasingly significant actions. In order to reduce urban flooding, the Master Plan for Urban Drainage (PDDU) describes the current condition of the drainage system, such as diagnostic and prognostic measures, with this last one able to be divided into structural and non-structural. Non-structural measures consist of non-physical works that aim to reduce the damage caused by possible floods and, as they are less expensive than structural measures, they are a useful alternative in reducing floods. In this sense, the development of non-structural measures was evaluated in the Jardim das Oliveiras neighborhood, located in Fortaleza - CE, in order to result in an index that represents the application of these measures. The study area was Rua do Canal and, among the nine measures described in the Drainage and Rainwater Management Plan of the Municipality of Fortaleza, four were applied: Cleaning and Clearing of Drainage Devices, Cleaning of Natural Channels, Tree Planting Plan and Recycling Attitudes Program. The evaluation was carried out in two stages: a questionnaire applied to fifteen residents near to the study area, around Rua do Canal and an evaluation carried out by the researcher. With the results obtained, that is, through the scores attributed by each of the agents, it was possible to generate a parameter that represents the progress of the application of non-structural measures in the determined area, entitled as Index of Non-Structural Measure (IMNE). Of the four applicable non-structural measures, three presented an IMNE well below the maximum score, which is 5, being 1.77 for Cleaning and Unobstruction of Drainage Devices, 1.63 for Cleaning Natural Channels and 1.95 referring to Recycling Attitudes Program. The Afforestation Plan, however, presented a higher result compared to the others, with an IMNE of 3.32. When analyzing the progress of non-structural measures in general at the study site, there is a global index of 2.17, and it can be said that the application of these measures along Rua do Canal is still insufficient. Keywords: Urban Drainage. Non-structural measures. Drainage and Stormwater Management Plan. Rua do Canal. Index of Non-Structural Measures.