Avaliação do sistema de drenagem em trecho da Avenida Heráclito Graça, Fortaleza-Ce.

Abstract

It appears that urban flooding is a chronic problem in large Brazilian cities, resulting from the use and disorderly occupation of the soil, associated with the inefficiency of urban drainage and garbage collection systems. The development and urbanization process transformed cities into large areas of impermeable soil, changing the hydrological water cycle, favoring runoff and the occurrence of flooding. This word aims to evaluate the drainage system of Avenue Heráclito Graça delimited between João Cordeiro and Ildefonso Albano streets, located in the city of Fortaleza, in the context of flood and floods. The methodology used was geoprocessing, which consists of one of the main instruments for the analysis of geographic space, mainly after the advancement of the use of geographic information systems (GIS). In this context, the characterization of space linked to geotechnological tools, have become extremely important. For this purpose, in this study, in addition to the entire theoretical context, satellite images and free Geographic Information software were used for vectorization, spatialization, classification and date overlay, containing as final products, thematic mappings that characterize the study area in its context environmental and urban. With this, it was possible to point out adversities that directly interfere in the drainage system of the study area, be it, excess waste, waterproofed pavement, topography of the area, etc. Subsequently, proposals were made for improvements in the drainage of the study area and suggestions for appropriate techniques for different situations, based on the studies raised on the subject. In this way, it can be concluded that Fortaleza has the potential to absorb different techniques for improvements in the drainage system, such as storage reservoirs, smart manhole systems, selective collection, inspection of sewage connections, etc. and that their correct application will probably lead to a decrease in surface runoff, generating, as a consequence, a relief in the conventional drainage system, easing the flooding. Keywords: Drainage. Flood. Geoprocessing. Urbanization.