Comparação entre sistemas treliçados do tipo PRATT, do tipo WARREN e do tipo HOWE, com foco no menor peso.

Abstract

This work constitutes an analysis of flat trusses composed of cold-formed steel elements in metal structures. The research focuses on comparing three specific truss variations - Warren, Howe, and Pratt - all subjected to uniform conditions, with a 20- meter span between truss supports and parallel chords. The dimensions of a shed that could be located in the central neighborhoods of Fortaleza were arbitrarily decided. The study covers a wide range of topics, including fundamental truss concepts, their various applications in civil engineering, and the materials involved. Furthermore, it highlights the importance of calculation methods, using the Scia Engineer software, to determine the stability and efficiency of the trusses. When deciding on the dimensions, boundary conditions for this study were determined, and the software for calculation that uses the necessary standards was chosen. The main objective of this project is to identify the truss geometry that optimizes the use of steel, aiming for resource efficiency. As this is a specific case, the importance of other studies for different spans and different boundary conditions is necessary.