A arteterapia como forma de enfrentamento as desigualdades de gênero e os papéis sociais de gênero voltados para a mulher.

Abstract

Gender is seen as the way society deals with the bodies of individuals and the consequences of this in an individual and collective way, from this, the social constructions of what is directed to each gender leads to inequality between them. This inequality can be proven by elements such as wage inequality, in which women earn almost 40% less than men, besides having a higher rate of sexual violence and suffering feminicide, where they are killed for being a woman. These issues related to gender inequality still occur in contemporaneity (which is geared towards changes and advances), and permeate the lives of women, harming and directing them with the way they live on a daily basis. Therefore, due to a need to change this reality, this work aims to explore the potential of art therapy as a therapeutic tool and to elaborate experiences to face gender inequality. For this, a bibliographic review of qualitative exploratory nature was carried out, based on scientific articles, monographs, theses, books, newspapers and Brazilian public documents found in digital platforms: Google Scholar and Scielo, to answer the hypothesis focused on the potential of intervention of art therapy in relation to issues related to gender inequalities and the social roles of gender for women in contemporary society. Research was carried out using descriptors that contributed to direct readings that approached the theme and contributed to the understanding of this hypothesis and the development of a writing pointing out the findings. From the references used, chapters were produced that approached an introduction to art therapy and how it was developed; the role of the media in relation to the perpetuation of gender inequalities and the gender roles for women (such as domestic chores and childcare, considered women's responsibility), in a society marked by patriarchy and objectification; an explanation of the potential of art therapy to work on several issues; and an exploration of art therapy techniques (the collage and painting techniques are better developed) and their potentialities, which can be worked individually and in groups, the latter format being better explored. Furthermore, a conclusion is obtained focused on the affirmation of the possibility of the performance of art therapy taken in the main objective of this article of intervention in issues related to gender, being observed a potentiality in using the theoretical material of this work to build and carry out interventions. Keywords: Gender inequality. Women. Social gender roles. Art therapy