A compreensão diagnóstica da ansiedade para a psicanálise e para a psiquiatria: um estudo comparativo.

Abstract

The diagnosis of anxiety is a phenomenon that has been increasing significantly in a large part of the population. Regarding this growth, this article seeks to bring a better understanding of the diagnostic issue, favoring a dialogue about these two fields of study, psychiatry and psychoanalysis. The present work consists of a bibliographical research of the narrative type, which aims to present how the diagnosis of anxiety is formed on the perspectives of Psychiatry and Psychoanalysis. In addition to conceptualizing anxiety from the two perspectives, it also aims to clarify some points of distance and approximations about these two theoretical fields. To investigate this theme, the work initially introduces the definition of the phenomenon of anxiety, the axes of clinical formation and briefly presents the historical course of mental illness. After briefly presenting the points mentioned above, we will see how the diagnosis of anxiety for psychoanalysis, diagnosis for psychiatry and anxiety as a pathology of the social is 3 formed. Bearing in mind that the anxiety phenomenon is also permeated by the way of life and the context in which the subject is inserted, which has been favoring discomfort in his/her life. In this article, we can observe how the clinical perspective of the two fields of studies differs. Where psychiatry, in turn, works on the diagnosis of anxiety, following yet another protocol with the aim of framing the subject in a pathology. The objective of psychiatry is, in turn, to eliminate symptoms quickly with the help of medication, bringing the subject to adjustment. In psychoanalysis, the notion of diagnosing anxiety is not to place the subject inside a pathology, but to seek to understand the origin of these symptoms and how the subject places himself in front of them. We can conclude that there is a difference in the clinical practice of the two theoretical fields, and that in a way it makes us reflect on whether psychiatry would still be working within this clinic. Different from psychoanalysis, which works directly on this listening focused on the patient's speech, seeking to understand how this subject relates to this social malaise. Keywords: Diagnosis. Anxiety. Psychoanalysis. clinic